Бөлектеулер

• Темекіге қарсы күрес арқылы Австралияда өкпе обырынан болатын өлім-жітім саны сандық көрсеткішке қол сұғады.
• 1956-2100 жылдар аралығында өкпе обырынан 2 млн.-ға жуық өлім-жітімге жол берілмеді.
• Өкпе обыры Австралияда халықтың денсаулығына айтарлықтай алаңдаушылық тудыратын болады.
• 2025 жылға қарай нөлдік темекі шегуге қол жеткізу 2100 жылға қарай өкпе обырынан болатын өлім-жітімнің 360 мыңға артуына әкеледі.
• Темекiге қарсы күрестiң неғұрлым тиiмдi және мақсатты стратегияларын iске асырудың аса қажеттiлiгi ерекше атап өтiлдi.

Реферат

Мақсаттары

Австралияда темекiге...

Abstract

Introduction

Children exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS) are at increased risk of respiratory illnesses. We piloted a Smoke Free Intervention (SFI) and trial methods before investigating its effectiveness and cost-effectiveness in primary school children.

Methods

In a pilot cluster randomized controlled trial in Bangladesh, primary schools were allocated to usual education (control) or SFI, using minimization. Year-5 children were recruited. Masking treatment allocation was not possible. Delivered by schoolteachers, SFI consisted of two 45-min and four 15-min educational sessions...

Summary

What is already known about this topic?

Most electronic vapor products (EVPs) contain nicotine, a developmental toxicant, and other harmful additives.

What is added by this report?

In 2015, 7.0% of women with a recent live birth in Oklahoma and Texas reported using EVPs shortly before, during, or after pregnancy, with 1.4% reporting use during pregnancy. Among prenatal EVP users, 38.4% reported using EVPs containing nicotine, and 26.4% did not know if the EVPs they used contained nicotine.

What are the implications for public health practice?

Messages that EVPs are not safe to...

Key Points

Question: How are secular trends of tobacco smoking associated with mortality across countries or regions by birth cohorts in Asia?

Findings: This pooled meta-analysis of 1 002 258 participants in 20 prospective cohort studies shows that smoking-attributable mortality continued to increase among Asian men in successive birth cohorts, with the tobacco smoking epidemic worsening in the past few decades.

Meaning: Tobacco smoking will remain a significant public health problem in most Asian countries, stressing the need to implement and enhance comprehensive tobacco-control programs...

Abstract

Introduction

We report on second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure based on saliva cotinine levels among children in Bangladesh—a country with laws against smoking in public places.

Methods

A survey of primary school children from two areas of the Dhaka district was conducted in 2015. Participants completed a questionnaire and provided saliva samples for cotinine measurement to assess SHS exposure with a cut-off range of ≥0.1ng/mL.

Results

Four hundred and eighty-one children studying in year-5 were recruited from 12 primary schools. Of these, 479 saliva samples were found sufficient...

Реферат

Кіріспе

Біз жүктілік кезінде ана темекі шегетіндер мен никотинді алмастыру терапиясын (НРТ) тағайындағандар арасында өлі туу қаупін салыстыруды мақсат еттік.

Мақсаты мен әдістері

Біз 2001-2012 жылдар аралығында тірі немесе өлі туумен аяқталатын 220 630 даратонды жүктілік когорты бойынша «The Health Improvement Network UK» жалпы практика дерекқорынан көлденең талдау жүргіздік. Әйелдер үш топқа жатқызылды: НРТ (жүктілік кезінде немесе босанғанға дейін 1 ай бұрын тағайындалады); темекі шегетіндер; және бақылау құралдары (жүктiлiк НРТ рецептiсiнсiз темекi iстемейтiндер). Біз НРТ...

Abstract

Background

Menthol in cigarettes has been shown to increase regular cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence, and decrease success in smoking cessation. Due to these reasons, in May 2015, the Province of Ontario introduced a menthol ban on tobacco products that came into effect in January 2017 prior to a Federal Canadian Ban in October 2017. The objective of this paper is to assess the effect of a provincial menthol ban on cigarette wholesale sales in Ontario.

Methods

Wholesale data submitted by tobacco manufacturers to Health Canada pursuant to the federal Tobacco Reporting...

Abstract

Background

Smoking cessation is an achievable behavioral change, which reduces the risks of cardiovascular diseases, cancers and tobacco-related diseases. There is a need for an effective smoking cessation service for low and middle income country settings where the smoking rate is generally very high whilst a cessation service is not usually accessible. This study devised a new smoking cessation service package and assessed its effectiveness in the primary health care setting of northern Thailand.

Methods

This randomized controlled trial was centered at Maetha district hospital...