Background

Stigma related to drug use is a well-documented barrier to engaging and remaining on medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD), yet little is known about how stigma operates across multiple social and institutional settings in low-resource contexts.

Methods

This qualitative study draws on 40 in-depth interviews with current and former MOUD clients and four focus groups with 35 current clients at an opioid treatment clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Transcripts were thematically analyzed to explore how stigma influenced MOUD adherence and retention.

Results

Five themes emerged...

Background

The opioid epidemic continues to pose significant challenges in the United States, with over 75% of nearly 107,000 drug overdose deaths in 2022 involving opioids. Recently, efforts to curb the epidemic have made strides. Beginning in the early 2000s, local and state governments filed a series of lawsuits against opioid manufacturers and distributors. The lawsuits held that manufacturers and distributors knew about the potential addictive nature of these painkillers and withheld this information from providers, leading to overprescription and overdose. The current settlement funds...

INTRODUCTION: Substance use among adolescents in the European Union constitutes a significant public health challenge. Particularly concerning are the early onset of use, patterns of polydrug consumption, and the emergence of novel psychoactive substances. This study examines prevailing trends and associated mental health risks through a secondary analysis of available data sources.

METHODS: The study employs secondary analysis of quantitative data from international and national databases (EMCDDA, ESPAD, Euro-DEN Plus, Public Health England), focusing on adolescents aged 10–24 years. The...

Drug addiction and its associated consequences, such as long-term dependence, bloodborne illnesses, HIV, sexually transmitted diseases, social isolation, and criminal activity, are gradually being recognised as serious issues that need to be addressed, especially among displaced populations. Due to disputes and conflict in their country, around 1.44 million Afghan refugees (both registered and unregistered) are currently residing in Pakistan in a situation of protracted displacement and significant uncertainty, even though around 4 million Afghan refugees have been repatriated back to...

INTRODUCTION:

Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly commorbid among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). PTSD among people with OUD is associated with severe opioid use, depression, and suicidality. Tanzania has seen a rise in opioid use over the past few years and the presence of PTSD among people with OUD predisposes patients to more negative impacts and impedes the recovery process. We aim to assess the prevalence and factors associated with PTSD among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) attending medication-assisted therapy (MAT) clinic in comparison to non-opioid...