Ανταύγειες

• Ποσοτικοποίησε τον αριθμό των θανάτων από καρκίνο του πνεύμονα που αποφεύχθηκαν στην Αυστραλία μέσω του ελέγχου του καπνίσματος.
• Σχεδόν 2 εκατομμύρια θάνατοι από καρκίνο του πνεύμονα έχουν ήδη αποφευχθεί κατά την περίοδο 1956-2100.
• Ο καρκίνος του πνεύμονα θα συνεχίσει να αποτελεί σημαντικό πρόβλημα δημόσιας υγείας στην Αυστραλία.
• Η επίτευξη μηδενικού καπνίσματος έως το 2025 θα οδηγήσει σε 360.000 περισσότερους θανάτους από καρκίνο του πνεύμονα έως το 2100.
• Τόνισε την επείγουσα ανάγκη εφαρμογής αποτελεσματικότερων και στοχοθετημένων στρατηγικών ελέγχου του καπνίσματος.

Αφ

Abstract

Introduction

Children exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS) are at increased risk of respiratory illnesses. We piloted a Smoke Free Intervention (SFI) and trial methods before investigating its effectiveness and cost-effectiveness in primary school children.

Methods

In a pilot cluster randomized controlled trial in Bangladesh, primary schools were allocated to usual education (control) or SFI, using minimization. Year-5 children were recruited. Masking treatment allocation was not possible. Delivered by schoolteachers, SFI consisted of two 45-min and four 15-min educational sessions...

Summary

What is already known about this topic?

Most electronic vapor products (EVPs) contain nicotine, a developmental toxicant, and other harmful additives.

What is added by this report?

In 2015, 7.0% of women with a recent live birth in Oklahoma and Texas reported using EVPs shortly before, during, or after pregnancy, with 1.4% reporting use during pregnancy. Among prenatal EVP users, 38.4% reported using EVPs containing nicotine, and 26.4% did not know if the EVPs they used contained nicotine.

What are the implications for public health practice?

Messages that EVPs are not safe to...

Βασικά σημεία

Ερώτηση: Πώς συνδέονται οι κοσμικές τάσεις του καπνίσματος με τη θνησιμότητα σε όλες τις χώρες ή περιοχές από τις ομάδες γέννησης στην Ασία;

Ευρήματα: Αυτή η συγκεντρωτική μετα-ανάλυση 1 002 258 συμμετεχόντων σε 20 προοπτικές μελέτες κοόρτης δείχνει ότι η θνησιμότητα που αποδίδεται στο κάπνισμα συνέχισε να αυξάνεται μεταξύ των Ασιατών ανδρών σε διαδοχικές κοόρτες γεννήσεων, με την επιδημία καπνίσματος να επιδεινώνεται τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες.

Δηλαδή: Το κάπνισμα θα παραμείνει ένα σημαντικό πρόβλημα δημόσιας υγείας στις περισσότερες ασιατικές χώρες, τονίζοντας την ανάγκη...

Abstract

Introduction

We report on second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure based on saliva cotinine levels among children in Bangladesh—a country with laws against smoking in public places.

Methods

A survey of primary school children from two areas of the Dhaka district was conducted in 2015. Participants completed a questionnaire and provided saliva samples for cotinine measurement to assess SHS exposure with a cut-off range of ≥0.1ng/mL.

Results

Four hundred and eighty-one children studying in year-5 were recruited from 12 primary schools. Of these, 479 saliva samples were found sufficient...

Abstract

Introduction

We aimed to compare risk of stillbirth between maternal smokers and those prescribed nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) during pregnancy.

Aims and Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis on a pregnancy cohort of 220,630 singleton pregnancies ending in live or stillbirth between 2001 and 2012 from The Health Improvement Network UK general practice database. Women were categorized into three groups: NRT (prescribed during pregnancy or 1 month before conception); smokers; and controls (nonsmokers without a pregnancy NRT prescription). We calculated Odds ratios...

Abstract

Background

Menthol in cigarettes has been shown to increase regular cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence, and decrease success in smoking cessation. Due to these reasons, in May 2015, the Province of Ontario introduced a menthol ban on tobacco products that came into effect in January 2017 prior to a Federal Canadian Ban in October 2017. The objective of this paper is to assess the effect of a provincial menthol ban on cigarette wholesale sales in Ontario.

Methods

Wholesale data submitted by tobacco manufacturers to Health Canada pursuant to the federal Tobacco Reporting...

Abstract

Background

Smoking cessation is an achievable behavioral change, which reduces the risks of cardiovascular diseases, cancers and tobacco-related diseases. There is a need for an effective smoking cessation service for low and middle income country settings where the smoking rate is generally very high whilst a cessation service is not usually accessible. This study devised a new smoking cessation service package and assessed its effectiveness in the primary health care setting of northern Thailand.

Methods

This randomized controlled trial was centered at Maetha district hospital...